ning asosiy qotishma elementlari alyuminiy qotishmasi 6000 seriya magniydir, kremniy, va mis, va ularning vazifalari quyidagicha:
(1) Magniy va kremniy: Magniy va kremniy tarkibidagi o'zgarishlar tavlangan Al-Mg-Si qotishmasining cho'zilish kuchi va cho'zilishiga juda oz ta'sir qiladi..
Magniy va kremniy miqdori ortishi bilan, Söndürülmüş tabiiy qarish holatida Al-Mg-Si qotishmasining kuchlanish kuchi ortadi., and the elongation decreases. When the total content of magnesium and silicon is constant, the ratio of the content of magnesium and silicon also has a great influence on the performance. With a fixed magnesium content, the tensile strength of the alloy increases as the silicon content increases. By fixing the content of Mg 2 Si fazasi va kremniy tarkibini oshirish, qotishmaning mustahkamlovchi ta'siri yaxshilanadi, and the elongation is slightly increased. With a fixed silicon content, the tensile strength of the alloy increases as the magnesium content increases. For alloys with a small silicon content, kuchlanish kuchi qiymati a da yotadi(Al)-Mg 2 Si-Mg 2 Al 3. Three-phase area. The tensile strength of the Al-Mg-Si alloy ternary alloy is located in the α(Al)-Mg 2 Si-Si uch fazali hududi.
Söndürülmüş sun'iy qarigan holatdagi qotishmaning mexanik xususiyatlariga magniy va kremniyning ta'sir qonuni asosan so'ndirilgan tabiiy qari holatdagi qotishma bilan bir xil., lekin kuchlanish kuchi sezilarli darajada yaxshilanadi, va qiymat hali ham a da(Al)-Mg 2 Si-Si uch fazali Zonada, cho'zilish tezligi bir vaqtning o'zida mos ravishda kamayadi.
Si va Mg qoldiqlari mavjud bo'lganda 2 Qotishmadagi Si, the corrosion resistance decreases as the amount increases. Biroq, qotishma a da joylashganda(Al)-Mg 2 Si ikki fazali mintaqa va Mg 2 Si faza matritsaning bir fazali hududida qattiq erigan, the alloy has corrosion resistance. All alloys have no stress corrosion cracking tendency.
Qotishma payvandlash paytida yoriqlarni payvand qilish tendentsiyasiga ega, lekin a da(Al)-Mg 2 Si ikki fazali hudud, tarkibi ō(Va)=0,2%~0,4%, oh(Mg)=1,2%~1,4% ō tarkibidagi qotishmalar va qotishmalar(Va)=1,2%~2,0% va ō(Mg)a da =0,8%~2,0%(Al)-Mg 2 Si-Si uch fazali zonasi kamroq payvandlash yoriqlari tendentsiyasiga ega.
(2) Mis: Al-Mg-Si qotishmasiga mis qo'shgandan keyin, strukturada misning mavjudligi nafaqat mis tarkibiga bog'liq, but also is affected by the magnesium and silicon content. When the copper content is small, oh(Mg):oh(Va)=1,73:1, Mg 2 Si fazasi hosil bo'ladi, va barcha mis matritsada qattiq erigan; mis miqdori yuqori bo'lganda, oh(mg):w(Va )<1.08, W(Al 4 CuMg 5 Va 4) faza shakllanishi mumkin, qolgan mis esa CuAl2 hosil qiladi; mis miqdori yuqori bo'lganda, oh(Mg):w(Va)>1.73, S(Al 2 CuMg ) Va CuAl 2 bosqichi. The W phase is different from the S phase, Qaysi 2 faza va Mg 2 Si bosqichi. Qattiq holatda, mustahkamlashda faqat qisman eritish ishtirok etadi, va uning mustahkamlovchi ta'siri Mg niki kabi katta emas 2 Si bosqichi.
Qotishmaga mis qo'shilishi nafaqat issiq ishlov berish paytida qotishmaning plastikligini sezilarli darajada yaxshilaydi, balki issiqlik bilan ishlov berishni kuchaytirish ta'sirini ham oshiradi. Bundan tashqari, ekstruziya ta'sirini bostirishi va marganets qo'shilishi tufayli qotishma anizotropiyasini kamaytirishi mumkin..
tarkibidagi iz qo'shimcha elementlar 6 seriyali alyuminiy qotishmasi marganetsdir, xrom, va titan, nopoklik elementlari asosan temirni o'z ichiga oladi, sink, va boshqalar., va ularning vazifalari quyidagicha:
(1) Marganets: Qotishmaga marganets qo'shilishi kuchni oshirishi mumkin, korroziyaga chidamliligini oshirish, impact toughness and bending properties. Adding copper and manganese to AlMg0.7Si1.0 alloy, qachon ō(Mn)<0.2%, the strength of the alloy increases with the increase of manganese content. The manganese content continues to increase, marganets va kremniy esa AlMnSi fazasini hosil qiladi, va Mg hosil bo'lishi uchun zarur bo'lgan kremniyning bir qismi 2 Si fazasi yo'qoladi. AlMnSi fazasining kuchaytiruvchi ta'siri Mg ga qaraganda kichikroq 2 Si bosqichi. Shuning uchun, qotishma mustahkamlash ta'siri kamayadi.
Marganets va mis bir vaqtning o'zida qo'shilganda, mustahkamlash ta'siri faqat marganets kabi yaxshi emas, lekin u cho'zilishini oshirishi va tavlangan mahsulotning don hajmini yaxshilashi mumkin.
Qotishmaga marganets qo'shilganda, severe intragranular segregation of manganese in the α phase affects the recrystallization process of the alloy and causes the grains of the annealed product to coarsen. In order to obtain fine-grained materials, ingot yuqori haroratda bir hil holga keltirilishi kerak (550°C) to eliminate manganese segregation. It is better to raise the temperature quickly during annealing.
(2) Chromium: Xrom va marganets ham xuddi shunday ta'sirga ega. Chromium can inhibit the precipitation of Mg 2 Don chegaralarida Si fazasi, tabiiy qarish jarayonini kechiktirish, and improve the strength after artificial aging. Chromium can refine the grains and make the recrystallized grains appear slender, qotishma korroziyaga chidamliligini oshirishi mumkin. Tegishli ō(Cr)=0,15%~0,3%.
(3) Titan: ō qo'shiladi(Of)=0,02%~0,1% va ō(Cr)=0,01% ~ 0,2% gacha 6 seriyali alyuminiy qotishmasi ingotning ustunli kristall tuzilishini kamaytirishi mumkin, qotishma zarb ishlashini yaxshilash, va uni kimyoviy mahsulotlarning kristalli donalariga aylantiring.
(4) Temir: Kichik miqdorda temir (qachon ō(Fe)<0.4%) has no bad influence on the mechanical properties and can refine the grains. Qachon ō(Fe)>0.7%, erimaydigan (AlMnFeSi) faza shakllanadi, bu kuchni kamaytiradi, plasticity and corrosion resistance of the product. When the alloy contains iron, anodizatsiyadan so'ng mahsulot yuzasining rangi yomonlashishi mumkin.
(5) Sink: Kichik miqdordagi nopoklik sink qotishma kuchiga ozgina ta'sir qiladi, va uning ō(Zn)<0.3%.