ning asosiy komponenti 5xxx seriyali alyuminiy magniy hisoblanadi, va oz miqdorda marganets, xrom, titan va boshqa elementlar qo'shiladi, va nopoklik elementlari asosan temirdir, kremniy, mis, zinc and so on. The specific role is introduced as follows:
(1) Magniy: Magniy asosan qattiq eritma holatida va b (Mg 2 Al 3 yoki Mg 5 Al 8) bosqichi. Magniyning qotishmadagi eruvchanligi haroratning pasayishi bilan tez pasaysa ham, cho‘ktirish va yadrolanish qiyin. Ozroq, cho'kma bosqichi qo'pol, shuning uchun qotishmaning qarish kuchaytiruvchi ta'siri past bo'ladi, and it is generally used in the annealing or cold working state. Shuning uchun, this series of alloys are also called non-strengthable aluminum alloys. The strength of this series of alloys increases with the increase of magnesium content, plastisite esa mos ravishda kamayadi, and its processing performance also deteriorates. Magnesium content has a great influence on the recrystallization temperature of the alloy. Qachon ō(Mg)<5%, magniy miqdori ortishi bilan qayta kristallanish harorati pasayadi; qachon ō(Mg)>5%, qayta kristallanish harorati magniy tarkibiga qarab o'zgaradi. Increase and increase. The magnesium content also has a significant effect on the welding performance of the alloy. Qachon ō(Mg)<6%, qotishmaning payvandlash yoriqlari tendentsiyasi magniy miqdori ortishi bilan kamayadi. Qachon ō(Mg)>6%, buning aksi haqiqatdir; qachon ō( Qachon Mg)<9%, magniy miqdori ortishi bilan payvandning mustahkamligi sezilarli darajada oshadi. Ushbu paytda, plastiklik va payvandlash koeffitsienti asta-sekin bir oz pasaysa ham, o'zgarish muhim emas. Magniy miqdori undan ko'p bo'lganda 9%, uning kuchi, plastiklik va payvandlash koeffitsientlari sezilarli darajada kamayadi.
(2) Marganets: In 5 seriyali alyuminiy qotishmasi, oh(Mn)<1.0% is usually. Part of the manganese in the alloy is dissolved in the matrix, qolganlari esa MnAl shaklida tuzilishda mavjud 6 bosqichi. Manganese can increase the recrystallization temperature of the alloy, kristall donalarining qo'pollashishini oldini olish, va qotishma kuchini biroz oshiring, especially the yield strength. In high-magnesium alloys, marganets qo'shilishi matritsadagi magniyning eruvchanligini kamaytirishi mumkin, payvand choki yoriqlari tendentsiyasini kamaytirish, va payvand choki va asosiy metallning mustahkamligini oshirish.
(3) Chromium: Xrom va marganets ham xuddi shunday ta'sirga ega, asosiy metall va payvandning mustahkamligini oshirishi mumkin, payvandlash issiq yorilish tendentsiyasini kamaytirish, va stress korroziyaga chidamliligini oshirish, but the plasticity is slightly reduced. Chromium can be used instead of manganese in some alloys. In terms of strengthening effect, xrom marganets kabi yaxshi emas. Agar ikkita element bir vaqtning o'zida qo'shilsa, ta'sir bitta qo'shimchadan kattaroqdir.
(4) berilliy: oz miqdorda be qo'shish (oh(Bo'l)=0,0001%~0,005%) yuqori magniyli qotishma ingotning yorilish tendentsiyasini kamaytirishi va rulonli plastinkaning sirt sifatini yaxshilashi mumkin, va shu bilan birga eritish paytida magniyning yonishini kamaytiradi, shuningdek, isitish jarayonida material yuzasida hosil bo'lgan oksidlarni kamaytirishi mumkin..
(5) Titan: Yuqori magniyli qotishmaga oz miqdorda titan qo'shiladi, asosan donni tozalash uchun.
(6) Temir: Temir marganets va xrom bilan erimaydigan birikmalar hosil qilishi mumkin, shu bilan marganets va xromning qotishmadagi rolini kamaytiradi. Quyma tuzilishida qattiqroq va mo'rt birikmalar hosil bo'lganda, processing cracks are likely to occur. Bunga qo'chimcha, temir, shuningdek, qotishmalarning ushbu seriyasining korroziyaga chidamliligini kamaytiradi, umuman olganda, oh(Fe)<0.4% nazorat qilinishi kerak, va ō(Fe)<0.2% simli materiallarni payvandlash uchun.
(7) Kremniy: Silikon zararli nopoklikdir (5A03 qotishmasidan tashqari). Kremniy va magniy Mg hosil qiladi 2 Si bosqichi. Ortiqcha magniy miqdori Mg ning eruvchanligini pasaytiradi 2 Matritsadagi Si fazasi, shuning uchun u nafaqat kuchga ega emas, but also reduces The plasticity of the alloy. When rolling, kremniy temirdan ko'ra ko'proq salbiy ta'sir ko'rsatadi, shuning uchun odatda ō ni cheklash kerak (Va) <0.5%. In 5A03 alloy, oh(Va)=0,5%~0,8%, bu payvandlash yoriqlari tendentsiyasini kamaytirishi va qotishmaning payvandlash ish faoliyatini yaxshilashi mumkin.
(8) Mis: Kichik miqdordagi mis qotishmaning korroziyaga chidamliligini yomonlashtirishi mumkin, shunday ō(Cu) bilan cheklanishi kerak <0.2%, va ba'zi qotishmalar yanada qattiqroq cheklangan.
(9) Sink: Qachon ō(Zn)<0.2%, it has no obvious influence on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the alloy. Adding a small amount of zinc to the high-magnesium alloy can increase the tensile strength by 10-20MPa. The impurity ω(Zn) bilan chegaralanishi kerak qotishmada <0.2%.
(10) Natriy: Iz nopokligi natriy qotishmaning termal deformatsiya xususiyatlariga kuchli zarar etkazishi mumkin, va "natriyning mo'rtligi" paydo bo'ladi, which is more prominent in high-magnesium alloys. The method to eliminate sodium brittleness is to make the free sodium enriched in the grain boundary into a compound. Xlorlash usuli NaCl ishlab chiqarish va shlak bilan birga to'kish uchun ishlatilishi mumkin, yoki oz miqdorda surma qo'shish usulidan foydalanish mumkin.