Qotishtiruvchi elementlarning asosiy vazifalari va nopoklik elementlari 3000 seriyali alyuminiy

(1) Marganets: Marganets tarkibidagi asosiy qotishma element hisoblanadi 3000 seriyali alyuminiy, va uning mazmuni odatda oralig'ida 1% uchun 1.6%. Qotishma yaxshi kuchga ega, plastiklik va jarayonning ishlashi. Marganets va alyuminiy MnAl hosil qilishi mumkin 6 bosqichi. The strength of the alloy increases with the increase of manganese content. Qachon ō(Mn)>1.6%, qotishmaning mustahkamligi ortadi. Biroq, ko'p miqdorda mo'rt birikma MnAl hosil bo'lishi tufayli 6 alloy is prone to cracking when deformed. As ω(Mn) ortadi, the recrystallization temperature of the alloy increases accordingly. Due to the large supercooling ability of this series of alloys, tez sovutish va kristallanish jarayonida katta intragranular segregatsiya sodir bo'ladi. Marganetsning konsentratsiyasi dendrit qismida past, chekka qismida esa yuqori. Qachon sovuq qayta ishlangan mahsulot aniq marganetsga ega bo'lsa Segregatsiya holatida, qo'pol kristalli donalar tavlanishdan keyin osongina hosil bo'ladi.

(2) Temir: Temir hosil qilish uchun MnAl6 da eritilishi mumkin (FeMn)Al 6 birikmalar, thereby reducing the solubility of manganese in aluminum. Add ω(Fe)=0,4% ~ 0,7% qotishma, lekin ishonch hosil qiling ō(Fe+Mn)≤1,85% tavlangan qatlamning donalarini samarali tarzda tozalashi mumkin, aks holda, ko'p sonli qo'pol yoriqlar (FeMn ) Al 6 birikma qotishmaning mexanik xususiyatlarini va texnologik ish faoliyatini sezilarli darajada kamaytiradi.

3000 seriyali alyuminiy

(3) Kremniy: Silikon zararli nopoklikdir. Silicon and manganese form a complex ternary phase T (Al 12 Mn 3 Va 2 ), a hosil qilish uchun temirni ham eritishi mumkin (Al, Fe, Mn, Va) quaternary phase. If iron and silicon coexist in the alloy, a (Al 12 Fe 3 Va 2) yoki b (Al 9 Fe 2 Va 2) bosqichi birinchi bo'lib shakllanadi, destroying the beneficial effects of iron. Shuning uchun, oh(Va)<0.6% qotishmada nazorat qilinishi kerak. Silicon can also reduce the solubility of manganese in aluminum and has a greater effect than iron. Iron and silicon can accelerate the decomposition process of manganese from supersaturated solid solution during thermal deformation, va ba'zi mexanik xususiyatlarni ham yaxshilashi mumkin.

(4) Magniy: Kichik miqdordagi magniy (oh(Mg)≈0,3%) can significantly refine the annealed grains of the alloy and slightly increase its tensile strength. But at the same time it will also damage the surface gloss of the annealed material. Magnesium can also be an alloying element in Al-Mg alloys. ō qo'shiladi(Mg)=0,3% ~ 1,3% qotishma kuchini oshiradi va uzayishni kamaytiradi (tavlangan holat). Shuning uchun, Al-Mg-Mn qotishmalari ishlab chiqilgan.

(5) Mis: Qachon ō(Cu)Qotishmada =0,05% ~ 0,5%, its tensile strength can be significantly improved. But containing a small amount of copper (oh(Cu)=0,1%) qotishmaning korroziyaga chidamliligini pasaytiradi, shunday ō(Cu)<0.2% qotishmada nazorat qilinishi kerak.

(6) Sink: Qachon ō(Zn)<0.5%, qotishmaning mexanik xususiyatlari va korroziyaga chidamliligiga aniq ta'sir ko'rsatmaydi. Qotishmaning payvandlash ko'rsatkichlarini hisobga olgan holda, chegarasi ō(Zn)<0.2%.