Kazi kuu za vipengele vya alloying na vipengele vya uchafu katika 3000 mfululizo wa alumini

(1) Manganese: Manganese ni kipengele kikuu cha aloi katika 3000 mfululizo wa alumini, na maudhui yake kwa ujumla ni katika masafa ya 1% kwa 1.6%. Aloi ina nguvu nzuri, plastiki na utendaji wa mchakato. Manganese na alumini zinaweza kuunda MnAl 6 awamu. Nguvu ya aloi huongezeka na ongezeko la maudhui ya manganese. Wakati ω(Mhe)>1.6%, nguvu ya alloy huongezeka. Hata hivyo, kutokana na kuundwa kwa kiasi kikubwa cha kiwanja cha brittle MnAl 6 alloy is prone to cracking when deformed. As ω(Mhe) huongezeka, the recrystallization temperature of the alloy increases accordingly. Due to the large supercooling ability of this series of alloys, utengano mkubwa wa intragranular hutokea wakati wa baridi ya haraka na fuwele. Mkusanyiko wa manganese ni mdogo katika sehemu ya dendrite na juu katika sehemu ya makali. Wakati bidhaa ya kusindika baridi ina manganese dhahiri Katika kesi ya kutengwa, nafaka za kioo coarse huundwa kwa urahisi baada ya annealing.

(2) Chuma: Chuma kinaweza kuyeyushwa katika MnAl6 ili kuunda (FeMn)Al 6 misombo, thereby reducing the solubility of manganese in aluminum. Add ω(Fe)=0.4%~0.7% kwa aloi, lakini hakikisha kwamba ω(Fe+Mn)≤1.85% inaweza kuboresha vyema nafaka za karatasi iliyoangaziwa, vinginevyo, idadi kubwa ya flakes coarse (FeMn ) Al 6 kiwanja kitapunguza kwa kiasi kikubwa mali ya mitambo na utendaji wa mchakato wa alloy.

3000 mfululizo wa alumini

(3) Silikoni: Silicon ni uchafu unaodhuru. Silicon and manganese form a complex ternary phase T (Al 12 Mhe 3 Na 2 ), ambayo pia inaweza kuyeyusha chuma kuunda a (Al, Fe, Mhe, Na) quaternary phase. If iron and silicon coexist in the alloy, a (Al 12 Fe 3 Na 2) au β (Al 9 Fe 2 Na 2) awamu itaundwa kwanza, destroying the beneficial effects of iron. Kwa hiyo, oh(Na)<0.6% katika alloy inapaswa kudhibitiwa. Silicon can also reduce the solubility of manganese in aluminum and has a greater effect than iron. Iron and silicon can accelerate the decomposition process of manganese from supersaturated solid solution during thermal deformation, na pia inaweza kuboresha baadhi ya mali ya mitambo.

(4) Magnesiamu: Kiasi kidogo cha magnesiamu (oh(Mg)≈0.3%) can significantly refine the annealed grains of the alloy and slightly increase its tensile strength. But at the same time it will also damage the surface gloss of the annealed material. Magnesium can also be an alloying element in Al-Mg alloys. Kuongeza ω(Mg)=0.3%~1.3% itaongeza nguvu ya aloi na kupunguza urefu (hali ya annealed). Kwa hiyo, Aloi za Al-Mg-Mn zimetengenezwa.

(5) Shaba: Wakati ω(Cu)=0.05%~0.5% katika aloi, its tensile strength can be significantly improved. But containing a small amount of copper (oh(Cu)=0.1%) itapunguza upinzani wa kutu wa aloi, kwa hivyo ω(Cu)<0.2% katika alloy inapaswa kudhibitiwa.

(6) Zinki: Wakati ω(Zn)<0.5%, haina athari dhahiri juu ya mali ya mitambo na upinzani wa kutu wa alloy. Kuzingatia utendaji wa kulehemu wa alloy, kikomo ω(Zn)<0.2%.